Radio service metering system



v 19 r 1635,154 July 2 E; E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM 7 Filed Aug. 1. 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 1 l I l N b y 1927' E. E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM Filed Aug. l. 1325 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 5a E. E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 1. 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 wy /rrze newMs /rrre WMsM 9 I L p 0 a o -o u M 4 73 Mom/072172 mar/44 705 July 5, 1927.

1,635,154 E. E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 1. 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 w E E nu N. WM w E,

J EZ E 5 J JQL 1,635,154 July 1927' E. E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM Filed Aug 1. 1925 e Sheets-Sheet 5 1,635,154 y 1927' E. E. CLEMENT RADIO SERVICE METERING SYSTEM Filed Ana. 1. 192 s 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 30 located at central Patented July 5, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OF F'IE.

EDWARD E. CLEMENT, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TU EDWARD F. COLLADAY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

RADIO SERVICE METER-IN G SYSTEM.

Original application filed January 6, 1925, Serial No. 913. Divided and this application filed August 1,

c 1925. Serial No. 47,545.

The present application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 913, filed January 6, 1925.

My invention relates to systems of radio broadcast distribution, and has for its objects in particular to produce a subscribers instrument and to relate the. same to central office apparatus in such manner that pro.

grams may be originated, relayed and distributed over a wide area, in a systematic and orderly manner; so that ultimate receiving stations may be controlled and operated as subscribers stations and the programs distributed may be confined to said subscribers stations and not be available for out side receiving stations not forming a part of the system; so that subscribers may select different programs or difi'erent'items from different programs as time of rendition proceeds; so that subscribers may obtain any item produced and distributed from any part of the system to any other part of the system and within the range of their selective apparatus; so that while the subscribers may get the full benefit of amplification and the use of vacuum tubes in receiving and amplifying, yet their stations will be tubeless, that is to say, all the tubes pertaining to subscribers receiving apparatus shall be oints,'which may be also the final distributing points through which the programs or signals are given to the subscribers; so that all reception by the subscriberof programs or program items selected by him, shall be differentially metered according to the value fixed upon them by the broadcasting authorities, and automatically recorded at the rates so dctermined; so that a subscriber may have nothing at his 40 station but standard telephone apparatus,

connected and operating in conjunction with telephone line circuits, but capable of operating a loud speaker when desired; and finally so that the entire control. supervision,

metering, current sup ily. installation and maintenance of subscri ers instruments will be from organized central stations provided with expert operators.

I attain these and other objects which will sufiiciently appear hereinafter by connecting all the subscribers stations in groups to localized central olliccs or exchanges, supplying such exchanges with broadcast matter over trunks from a relay broadcast service station having receiving instruments which may be of any suitable type, such as those described in my prior copending application,

Serial No. it6,357, filed October 28, 1924;; providing line circuits entering a central station with vacuum tubes, one for each line, constituting terminals of the lines for radio distribution; and finally connectin these distributing tubes, whichma be an io freuency amplifiers, to the trun s leading from t e appropriate receiving devices at the broadcast service station, and employing these connections as Well as the conditions brought aboutby the subscribers, to operate meters, and to enable the central oflice operators to variously control, supervise, etc.

This invention is a plicable to manual, automatic or so-calle semi-automatic or automanual tele hone systems. as will sufiiciently appear hereinafter. The main underlying principle involved is that of distribut-ing from a broadcast service station through a central station to a lurality of subscribers lines by means of individual line tubes or valves, so that each line may have its own self contained receiving unit, needing only excitation b i the centralofiioe tolay transmitter, combined with means for metering the service rendered the subscriber.

The method I have found most satisfac i tory in practice is to include one stage of audio amplification in each rela .set or transmitter, the line tubes constitutinga second. stage. Current carrying capacity and power of the line tubes may be varied within wide limits, affording any amount of energy for transmision and any class of service that is desired. If the exciting circuits connected to any one bus at one time are too many, the busses may be banked by means of tubes in arallel as well understood in the art. n this case, each relay transmitter at the broadcast service station would preferably have a detector tube connccted through a transformer to a lurality of audio amplifier tubes in paral e1, constituting a multiplied first stage, the plate circuits of which would be connected to the bus through a suitable transformer.

Regulation of the current flow from the B known in the art and usuall manipulated by an operator at a transmitting station.

Some modifications can be .aade in the arrangement and many modifications in the detail of circuit and design, but I feel the principle as stated to be novel in its application and original with myself, and I shall claim the same accordingly.

My invention is illustrated in the acconr panying drawings, in which:

Figs. 1 and 2 indicate, diagrammatically, the telephone exchange portion, and broadcast distributing portion, respectively, of my combined telephone exchange and broadcast distributing system.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the broadcast service station.

Fig. 4 is a modification of the circuit arran ment of Fig. 2.

1%; 5 is a modified fonn of-the switch arrangement of Fig. 4;.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the operative relation and connections between different stations in a general system of broadcast distribution embodying the invention.

Fig. 7 is a diagram of a trunking arrangement for extending a subscribers line circuit outside the local central station.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the general arrangement for distribution of a broadcast. program'through an amplifier circuit common to a plurality of lines and second stage amplifier tubes and circuits individual to the subscribefsline.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and first to Fig. 1, this shows the essential circuits of an ordinary telephone exchange system in which A is a. subscribers station connected by line wires (ilkto the central station 0 where they terminate on multiple jacks .l. Similarly, the multiple jacks .l' form the line terminals of another substation not. Shown. 'lliesc jacks are arranged to be interconnected through the usual answering and calling plugs l -l forming the terminals of the usual common battery cord circuit shown. The central otiicc terminals of each line are provided with the usual line relay L. line lamp L and cut-oil relay L Where Service is to be metered a re ording meter M. also individually associated with the line. Thus. the circuit arrangementherc shown is that ol the standard multiple switchboard. common battery. telephone exchange system. and as such as well understood in the art'furihcr detailed description thereof will be here deferred and brought out later in the description of operation;-

In addition to the usual line terminal multiples l. and Cl. re 'ircsenting multiples of the tip. sleeve and test or cut-otl circuits, respectively. i provide a fourth conductor 1- leading from a contact on the line relay along with the multiple conductors l, 2 and 3 to the broadcast distributing system diagrammed in Fig. 2. i

Fig. 2 shows the broadcast distributing system of which the portion to the left of the dotted line is situated at the central ofiice and connected with the subscribers telephone line terminal apparatus of the telephone. central C (Fig. 1) through conductors l, 2, 3 and 4, while the portion to the right of the dotted line in Fig. 2 is situated at the subscribers telephone substation apparatus A (Fig. 1) through the multiple conductors 5 and 6. In Fig. 2 the subscribers line multiples 1-2 terminate in contacts 78 of an automatic selector switch 800. This switch is of a type well understood in the automatic telephone'art in which movable contacts or wipers such as 7 and 8 are carried on a shaft 10 biased in a given normal position by a spring or other suitable means not shown and arranged to he stepped around by a stepping magnet. 11 through a stepping pawl 12 and a ratchet 13. Also, as is usual with such switches. it is provided with a dog 14, arranged to be thrown out of engagement with the ratchet 13 and to throw the stepping pawl 12 out of engagement when the dog is stepped by the actuation of the release magnet 15, the energization of the release mag net 15 efi'ecting the tripping of the dog 14 through an extension 16 on its armature 17 pivoted at 18. To hold up the armature extension 16 until the switch has released, a trip detent 19 is provided which is pivoted at 20 and arranged to be held normally out of engagement with the hook 21 on the an mature 17 by a cam 22 on the switch shaft which permits the detent 19 to move into operative relation with the hook 2i whenever the switch is in off-normal position. Mounted on the switch shaft 10 are other pairs of wipers 23-24, 95-26, and 2728. The switch 5) is provided with a contact bank containing rows of contacts 30.31, :52 and 33 arranged to be engaged by the switch wipers 7-8 l3--24, etc. successively in the direction indicated by the adjacent arrow, it being understood that. while the drawing, which is purely diagrammatic shows the contacts arranged in a straight line they are in practice arranged in a circle concentric with the switch sha ft so as to permit the switch arms to sweep across them in the rotation of the shaft. \Vhilc only three vertical rows of contacts are here shown it is to be understood that they may he more or less in numher and that in any case the first few vertical rows of contacts are left blank or disconnected. for example. in the present case the first live. leavi-w the sixth vertical row of contacts the t ones that are connected with the operat 1g rcuits so that the switch must make five stops before etfecting anv circuit connections, after which the wipers will be moved successively to the sixth. Sevoath and eighth vertical rows. The purpose of providing this lost motion or blank steps will be made clear in the description of operation. The switch wipers 23-24 connect with the adjacent terminals of the wind ing ll-35 of a rcpeatin r coil 36, the remote terminals of which wiur lugs connect. to the plate and tilanient of the audion tube 37. The switch wipers 2536 connect to the grid and tilaua-ut of the tube 31'. while the wipers l6 and form the terminie; of the tilanzcnt ot the tube 37. The wiper 27 is connected to the multiple test wire 3. leading, into Fig. l. The horizontal row of contacts 30 are c nmrctcd as multiple pairs, the upper and lower members being connected respectively to the remote terminals of the coils 38 at 39 of the repeating coil 36 through the conductors 4t) and -11. the conductor 41 connecting with the c il 39 through a sleeve or line supply relay 42. shunting resistance 43 and conductor 44. The adjacent terminals of the coils 38 and :39 are connected to the )lus and minus side of the exchange common liattcry'B through conductors 45 and 46, and bus conductors 47 and 49, respectively. In the horizontal row of contacts 31. the sixth, seventh and eighth pairs are connected individually to the batteries B. l3, and B respectively. in the horizontal row of contacts 32, the sixth, seventh and eighth pairs are connected. respectively. to the ditl'ercnt. program distributing buses 66, (17 and G8, the lower contacts of the sixth, seventh and eighth pairs being connected respectively to the bus Wil'cs of filament batteries F. F", and l respectively. In the horizontal row of contacts 33 the upper members of each pair are connected in multiple to the conductor 49 which supplies battery current for the .test by its connection through rc eat relay fit), conductor it and has 48 to tie central ofiice common battery ll. The lower contact members of the horizontal row 33 are connected individually to the upper bus wires of the diti'crcnt filament batteries F", F, and F". Thus the batteries B. B, and B", the program basses 66. 67, and 68. and the tilament batteries F, F, and F are associated individually with the sixth, seventh and eighth vertical rows of contacts. respectively. The stepping magnet ll and release magnet 15 have their windings connected in multiple, one side to ground and the other side through conductor 51 to an impulse wire 4 leading into Fig. l where it terminates in a front or normally open contact 52 of the line relay L. which contact is enguged by the armature 53 connected through wire 54 to the exchange. couimon battery it. The conductor St is also connected in midi ipie to a normally open contact changed y the -armature of the relay fit), the armature 56 being connected by way of conduct-ors lfi and 48 to the exchange common battery .8. The repeat relay isconi rolled by the sleeve relay 42 through the armature 57 which is arranged, as shown to close a shunt around the winding of the relay 50 by way of resistance 58. The subscribers broadcast receiving set A is similar in all respects to the, usual booster coil, common battery telephone receiving set. except that th switchhook is replaced by a spring jack .larranged, ppou thc'insertiou of a plug, to (lose the line circuit through the line multiples 5--6, winding (50 of the booster coil 61, transmitter 62 and automatic dial 623, while connecting the subscribors broadcast, telephone receiver 64 in series with the coil 65 and telephone condense-r 1166. The program busses 66, 67 and 68 are supplied with broadcast matter from the broadcast service station Fig. 3, over trunlc wires T, T" and T". respectively which form the output terminals of program transmitting devices P, P, and 1, preferably radio receivers of a type adapted to receive radio broadcast andamp'lify and relay the same at audio frequency, the amplification being etlected in any suitable way such as by detection and audio amplification or a combination of radio amplification, detection and audio amplification. the audio amplification being preferably limited to on. stage so as to allow a s'ccoud stage .of amplification to be made lugtwecu the busscs and the ultimate receiver. In this case the ultimate receiver is the subscriber's broadcast receiver (34 and the second stage of audio amplification is etl'ccted through the audion tube 537 individual to (iltll line.

In tlwupcration of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1. i. and ii. the subscriber at station A opcrutivcly connects his broadcast receiving or eaten-"ion set A to the line. by inserting the receiver pluc I in the jack J which ('Ollllttl\ his receiver 64 the booster coil winding I35 and condenser 266 in series, and closes a path for direct current between the multiples 5 and 0 through coil 60. lower spring of jack J". transmittcctiil, and autoiuatic dial 623. This energize; the subscribers line relay at.- the central otlice in the usual manner by current from the central otlice common battery it, which energizing circuit may be traced from the grounded side of central otlice common battery B, conductor 6R. right hand winding of line relay L, line conductor 69, to subscribews substation A, line multiple to subscribers broadcast receiving set A (Fig. 2), coil (30, transmitter 62. contacts of dial (33, conductor 6, 70, left hand winding of line clay L, and back to the battery ll. lllltl'll'lZlllLlOt'l of the line relay cnc-rgiZcS the line lamp L by closure of a local circuit which may be traced from the battery B through elements 54,L'-. 71, 68 and back to battery B. This causes the line lamp L at the telephone operators switchboard to glow, but only for a. moment as the subscriber wanting broadcast service-will immediately operate his dial to break and make his line circuit a certain number of times according to the particular program he desires which breaks and makes will cause his line lamp to flicker instead of glowing steadily and so indicate to the telephone operator that the subscriber 1S Il3 calling for a telephone connection but 1s automatically setting up'his connection for broadcast reception. As the dial 63 is of the well known type used in automatic telephony and well understood in the art, it will not be necessary to describe the same here in detail and it sufiices to say that it'operates automatically to cfl'ect one or a series of breaks of brief duration in the line'circuit according to the setting of the dial each time it is set and released. The first closure of the line and cnergization of the line relay L completes an energizing circuit for the stepping magnet 1.1 (Fig. 2) which may be traced from the free side of the common battery B through circuit elements 54, 53. 52-, 4, (into Fig. 2), 51 to stepping magnet 11 and release magnet 15 in multiple and thence through ground back to the grounded side of battery B. It is to be noted here that the release magnet 15 is made sluggish in its action so that it will not respond to the energizing current until after a lapse of time much longer than the interval between the breaks and makes of the subscribefis dial 653 so thatwhen' the subscriber first closes his circuit, as just described, the stepping mag not. 11 will first operate to step the switch 9 around one step releasing the detent 19 after which, the time period of the release magnt- 15 having lapsed, this magnet will actuate its armature to move the hook 21 up into engagement with the detent 19 and the extension 16 into engagement with the dog 14 which dis-engages the dog from the ratchet- 13 and also throwsthe pawl 12 out of engagementlwith the ratchet. thus causing the switch to release and return to normal position whereupon the cam 22 will throw the detent 19 out of engagement with the hook 211" and leave the armature 17 free to return to normal position when the magnets become deenergizcd. in the case of a call for telephone connection this deenergi zation" of the magnets would occur when the telephone operator, in answering, inserts the plug' P in the jack J which would operate the line cut-off relay L in the usual manner causing the line relay L to retract its armature 53 and open the circuit of the stepping and release magnets 11 and 15. To prevent the subscriber's broadcast selector switch 9 from being stepped around and connecting broadcast matter on to his line due to one or more accidental breaks in his line circuit while thesubscriber is waiting for telephone operator service, the selector switch 9 is provided with several blank con its armatures 7 tacts preceding those representing the different broadcast programs. In the present illustration the first five contacts are left blank, the series of active contacts beginning with those of the sixth vertical row, as indicated in Fig, 2, where the blank contacts are not shown, it being understood that the switch must make five steps before its wipers engage the first set of active contacts. Thus if the subscriber, while waiting for an operator should accidentally, momentarily open his line or impatiently operate his switchhook a few times, the connector switch would simply step around over a few of the blank contacts and release as before described when the operator pluggcdin withher answering plug. Returning now to the subscribers selection of a desired broadcast program, the subscriber, shortly after the initial closure of his line etl'ected b 1 his insertion of the plug P' in the jack i and before the line lamp has been energized sufficiently long to indicate a telephone call to the operator, sets his dial to a number corresponding to the number of the broadcast program he wishes to receive, which in the present case would be some number above five, and permits the same to release producing a number of breaks corresponding to the setting of the dial. Assuming the setting to be eight, the dial upon release will cause the line circuit to be momentarily opened eight times. The lirst five breaks in the line circuit will cause the armature 53 of the line relay to open and close its connection with the contact 52 five times, thus stepping the selector switch around to the fifth contact, the period of closure of the contacts 5253 being sulficicntly brief to prevent actuation of the release magnet 15. Upon the sixth momentary break and subsequent make of the line cir- ('Hit, the switch 9 will step on to the sixth or first vertical row of active contacts whereupon the line out-off relay L will be energized and the control of the stepping magnet 11 transferred from the line relay to the sleeve relay 42 of the switch circuit. The energizing circuit of the cutofi' relay L may be traced from the common battery B (top of Fig. 2), bus wire 48, conductor 46, winding of repeat relay 50, conductor 49, upper member of the sixth contact of horiaontal row 33, switch wiper 27, conductor 3, into Fig. 1, line cut-off relay L5, conductor 68 to grounded side of the common battery B. Euergizatiou of repeat relay causes its armature 56 to engage the contact thus maintaining the stepping magnet 11 energized by current from battery B through circuit elements 48, 46, 68, 55, 51, 11, to ground and back to battery B, while the onergization of the cut-otf relay L (Fig. 1) disconnects the line relay L in the usual manner which becoming deenergized releases 153, extinguishing the line lamp and opening the circuit through coneague the circuit elements 48, 4G, 39, 42, 41, lower member of the sixth contact in the horizonta-l row 30, switch wiper 8, line multiple 2 into Fig. 1, line wire 70, multiple wire 6, into Fig, 1, through circuitelements 63, 62, 60, 5 into Fig. 2, 69, 1, into Fig. 2, 7-- 40, 38 45, 47, and back to the rounded side of the common battery B; iinergization of sleeve relay 42 causes its armature 57 to be attracted and complete a shunt around thewintling of repeat relay by way of'circuit elements 58, and 57, which shunt causes the relay 50 to become deenergized and retract its armature 56 opening the circuit of the stepping magnet 11 and causing it to return to normal ready for the next step. The next or seventh momentary break in the subscribers line circuit, which followsimmediately, effects a momentary release of the armature 57 of sleeve relay 42 which causes a momentary energizetion of the repeat relay 50 which in turneffect-s a momentary closure of contact and a momentary energization of the stepping magnet 11 to step the switch wipers around to the seventh vertical row of contacts. The energizing circuit of the stepping magnet may be traced from the common battery B through circuit elements 48, 46, 56, 51, and 11 back to the grounded side of battery B.

causes the stepping magnet 11 to be again momentarily energized and step the switch wipers around into engagement with the eighth vertical row of contacts.

After the eighth momentary break in the line circuit the subscribers dial 63 comes to rest and maintains the line circuit closed.

' The line now being closed, the sleeve relay 42 is maintained energized which maintains the repeating relay 50 cleenergized by virtue of the closure of the-shunt around'its winding which in turn maintainsthe circuit of the stepping and release magnets 11 and 15 open at the contact 55. The switch wipers thus come to rest on the eighth vertical row of contacts, maintaining the input terminals of the subscribers line tube 37 in operative connection with the bus wires 68 of the program transmitter P gFig. 3) through switch wipers 2526 and tie eighth pair of confacts in the horizontal row 32. Current supplied to the output or plate circuit of the lulae 37 from battery 3 individual to the program transmitter l, OVQI' circuit elements 72, 2.), 34, plate of tube 37, filament of tube 37, 75, 2&5, 24, 73, back to battery B. As the coil 36 is a repeating coil of the well known type having the four windings 34, 35, 38, 39 on a cuuun n magnetic core the output or plate circuit of the tube 37 is cou- Similarly, the next or eighth momentary break in the line pied to the subscribers line throughthe coils 88-39 which are included in series in the subscribers line circuit as hereinbefore traced. The filament circuit of the subscribers au dion tube 37 may be traced from filament battery F, individual to the pro-c gram transmitter P over the circuit elements 79, lower member of bus wire 68, 26, filament of audion tube 37, filament rheostat 80, 28, 82, back to battery F. As thewinding 60 of the booster coil 61 at the subscribers broadcast receiving set A is included in series in the line, the broadcast cuit elements 266, 63,, 62, and through the" receiver 64 back to winding 65 by way of the plug and jack connection PJ. As the sleeve relay 42 is held energized during the subscribers use of hisline for receiving broadcast, should a telephone operator test one of his multiple jacks in, thevusual mann'er before through to his line, instead of the ordinary busy test of a click in the car, she will receive a special tone test which will indicate that the line is not busy for telephone use but is being used for the reception of broadcast so that if the call is an emergency one the operator may plug in regardless of the busy condition. "Thus a special tone-test is effected by the usual tone test a paratus indicated in Fig. 2 as consisting o the inductance 87 connected in series with a circuit breaker 88 and inductively related to the coil 58 in series in the test circuit. The energizing circuit of the coil 87 may be traced from the common battery B through the circuit elements 48, 46, S7, 88, back through ground to the battery B.

When the subscriber wishes to discontinue the broadcast reception he withdraws the plug P" which opens the line circuit at'the jack contact 89. This deprives the sleeve relay 42 of current. whereupon its armature 57 is retracted removing the shunt from the repeating relay 50 which thereupon becomes energized and closes stepping magnet and the relay magnet through connection of the armature 56 with contact This circuit may be traced from battery ll through the circuit elements 48, 46, 56, .55, 51, 11, and 15 in multiple to ground and back to the battery 13. After the brief lapse. of time required for the operation of the release magnet 15 this magnetat.- tracts its armature which brings the extension 16 into engagement with the dog 14 to trip the same which in turn trips the pawl 12 allowing the switch to return to normal, hook 21 engaging the detent19 which holds the armature 17 in its actuated position during the restoring movement of the switch establishing 'aconnection there-- in circuit of both the -ation of the commutator 90.

. and until the'switch reaches the normal position where on the cam 22 operates to disengage the etent 19 from the hook 21 and permit all parts of the switch to return to the normal position shown. When the switch in restoring moves its wipers off the sixth vertical row of contacts the circuit repeat relay 50 is broken at the wiper 27, and the repeat relay 50 decnergizing opens the circuit of the magnets'll and 15 at the contact 55. This puts all-the circuits and apparatus in the normal condition shown in Figs. land 2.

For metering the subs'eribers use of 'the radio broadcast service on a basis of time use, a meter controlling actuator 90 (Fig. 2) is arranged to control the subscribers telephone meter M' (Fig. 1) through the operative connection of the switch circuits of Fig.2 with the subscribers central olfice line terminal circuits. This control circuit may be traced from the meter generator .9l (Fig. 2) through commutator 90, switch 92, bus wire 93, switch 94, wire 49, the upper member of one of the contacts in the horizontal row 33, wiper 27, test wire 3, into Fig. 1, wire 95, high voltage winding 96, of the meter M, to ground and back to the grounded side of the meter generator 91 (Fig. 2). When the meter armature 97 is retracted a suflicient distance to close the contact 98 the low voltage windin 99 of the meter M is closed thus aiding in t e further attraction of the armature and the actuation of the meter as well understood in the art, which actuation will be repeated at intervals according to the intervals of the closing and opening of the circuit meter commutator 90. These periodic re istrations of the meter during use of the roadcast ap aratus will of course he added to those pro need by the actuation of the usual, telephone 0 erators metcrin key 100, so that the subscribers use of the same units as that of the telephone use and the amount of service, represented by a unit charge variedaccording to the speed of oper- Where the service to some of the lines is to be given free the switch 94 individual to the line is opened and where the service is to .be given free to all or a group of lines the switch 92 is opened to disconnect the commutator from the bus 93 common to all or a group as the casemay be.

To afford communication between the broadcast service station and a subscribers station, the broadcast service station is ro-- vided with telephone lines 230 and 231 *ig.

3), each terminating at the service station in the usual telephone set, as represented at 232 and 233, and at the telep one central station in' suitable line terminal apparatus such as the jacks J and 235. Also at the broadcast service station, the lines 230 and roadca-st service is charged in the.

can. talk to the operator while listening to the broadcast, and finally the radio operator can connect the subscriber telephonically to the radio transmitter to broadcast the conversation. This combination gives in efiect a complete communicating circuit made up of outgoing wave radiation and incoming or return wire connnunication, the latter serving to localize and fix the former. This use of the system is of value in certain classes of advertising and sales work as well as entertainment. To enable original matter or local announcements to be sent out from the broadcast service station, a microphone circuit 242 is provided which terminates in a jack 2-13 for connection with any one of the modulators of the transmitters I, P, or P.

Referring now to Fig. 4, this is similar to Fig. 2, just described, except that the line multiples l-2 are permanently connected to the outside terminals of the coils 38 and 39 and the battery connection to the inside terminals of these coils controlled through the u )pcr pair of wipers 7-8 of the switch 9, an the horizontal row 30 of the switch bank contacts. Another dili'erencc is that the repeat relay is omitted and the stopping of the switch, after connection with the in.- tive contacts, controlled through a back or normally closed contact of the sleeve relay 42 connected to butter. Y through an off normal switch 101 contro led by a cam 102 on the switch shaft 10 arranged to maintain the off normal switch closed only during cngagement of the switch wipers with one of the sets of active contacts that is, from the six vertical row on. As this is a modification of the switching circuit illustrated in Fig. :2 and intended to operate in place thereof, it iS to be read in connection with Fig. L The conductors 1. 2-, 3, l, and 6 of Fig. 4 tie on to the similarly numbered conductors of Fig. 1. In the operation of this circuit arrangement when the subscriber operates the dial 63 at his broadcast receiving set A", to effect the eighth successive momentary breaks in his line circuit, the first six cause the line relay to close the contact 52-53 six times which in turn effects six successive cnergizntions and dcrnergizations of the stepping magnet ii, the successive impulses being as before described, of too brief duration to cause actuation of the rolrasc magnet 15.

battery B (Fig. 1 through circuit elements 53, 52.4, into Fig. 4, 51, 11. and throu h ground back to battery 15. This causes t 1c The energizing circuit of stepping magnet 11 may be traced fromrow 30 of'the switch elements 'l, 140. 39, 42,, 2, 70. to subscribers =battery acuna switch 9 to step around to the sixth vertical row of bankcontacts whereupon the cut-off relay L (Ri 12? is energized b from battery ll ig. 4) through tie circuit elements 58, uppegcontacts of row 33 of the 'switch bank contacts, 27, 3, L, 68 to ground station and back by way of 69, l, 38, 141, 8, lower'contacts of row 30.back to battery B. The seventh break in the 'line, effected 'by the subscribers dia 63, effects a momen- .tary deenergizatio'n of the sleeve relay 42 whose armature falling back produces a momentary closure of the circuit of the stepping magnet 11 whose cnergizin circuit may now be traced from battery (Fig. 4), through wi r 7 to wire 140, as before trace an thence through ofl' normal switch 101, the cam now having moved into a position to close the same, thence through circuit elements 103, 104, 105,51, 11. and through. ground back to. battery B Similarly upon the eighth break in the line circuit, the switch 9 is stepped again, this time onto the eighth vertical row of cont-acts, which connects the input circuit of the subscribers line tube 37 onto the pro ram bus. wires 68 through the eighth pair 0 contacts in row 32 andswitch wipers -26. The switch wipers 23-24 engaging the eighth pair of contacts, connect the battery B, in-

dividual to the number 8 program, through conductors 74 and 76 through the windings 34 and 35 of the repeat coil 36 to the output or plate circuit of the subscribers line tube 37, while the switch wipers Tend 8 main tain the connection with the butt-cry B through the multiple contacts of row 33 and so supply current over the subscribers line as before traced. Also, as in Fig. the filament circuit of the subscribers line tube 37 will be supplied with current from the filamenthattcry A individual to the number 8 program, the connections for this being the same as that of 'Fig. 2. Also. in'Fig. 2, the cut off relay, busy test. and meter control circuit 3 is completed through wiper contact 27. The circuit of the cut. off

relay may be traced from battery B (Fig.

Although the circuitclemcnt's 58,,uppcr member of the engaged contact in row 33,

' 27, 3, into Fig. 1, L", 68, and back to battery B. The tone test is imposed upon this circuitby the coupling of the tone test coil 87 with the coil 58 included in the test circuit in the usual manner well understood in the art, while the meter actuating source.

-91 and commutator are connected with this circuit through conductor 142. The cireurrent cuit of the meter actuating current may thus be traced through thesource 91, from the a minimum by delegating the control of ccrtain circuits which are common to all the programs, to a cam actuated switch operable to maintain said circuits closed only during the engagement of the switch wipers with the program contacts. .In this, asin the other switch arrangements previously described, the contact bank of the switch is providedwith several vertical rows of blank contacts for example, five in number, not

shown, for the purpose of ermitting-the switch to he stepped around several steps Without effecting connection with any program transmitters. Parts. of the present switching arrangement which are similar to and perfomn thesame function as c0rrespending parts in the previously described switching arrangement, are similarly numbered. For example, the battery supply ,for'

the-output circuit of the subscribers line tube or relay 3? is furnished through wipers 23 and 24 and the top row of bank contacts, the connection between the input circ'uit'of the subscribers line relay tube 37 and the program source, is effected through wipers 25 and 26 and the second horizontal row of bank contacts. the filament current supply is furnished through wipers 26 and 28 and their associated contacts,- and the meteringcircuit is connected through wiper'27 and its associated contact, with the metering actuating source. All of these circuits are to be connected with sources individual to a program and so their control is delegated to the wipers which change connection with each step of the Switch. Thus, circuit connections which are not individual to a pro' gram such as thrconnections effected through the multiple line. conductors 1-2, test conductor 23. and impulse conductors. are mmtrollerl throiugh ihc cam operated switch 14 This switch is cmitrollcd b the cam H6 carried by the switch shaft.- l0 to maintain the contacts open when the switch is in-its normal position or has moved into a position in which its wipcz's are on any of the blank conhu-ts. and ill maintain its contacts cl sed in any position of th switch in which the switch wipers are in engagement with a set of the program contacts.

Another feature cliarzu-tcristir to the present.

switch arrangement the on of: the indiridnul meter [M lll(li\'l(lil2ii to me switch circuitso as to lllli l only the use of'th'e' ent diagram is to be read in connection with Fig. 1, the conductors 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Fig. tying onto the conductors -1, 2, 3 and 4 of Fig. 1 respectively.

In the operation of this arrangement, the impulses sent over wire 4 from the sub scribers line relay'in Fig. 1, pass directly to the stepping magnet 11 through conductor 146 until the switch has been stepped around to the sixth row of contacts whereupon the contacts of switch 145 are closed, the sleeve relay 42 energized in series with the subscribers line and the cut off relay in Fig. 1 energized to disconnect the line relay which now causes the further stepping oi the switch to be controlled through the sleeve relay as a repeating relay responding to breaks in the subscribers line circuit. The circuit of the cut off relay (Fig, 1) may be traced from battery B (Fig 5), supervisory lamp 147, conductor 148, contact of switch 145, conductor 3, into Fig. 1:, cut oil relay L conductor 68 to ground and back to battery B. The eucrgization of the cut ofi' rclav L causes the line relay L to become deenergized and open the. circuit through the impulse conductor 4 as before described in connection with Figs. 1 and '2. 'At the same time the cut oft relay is deenergized to bring about the disconnection of the circuit through conductor 4;, the sleeve relay 42 is energized in series with the subscriber's'line by a circuit which may be traced from battery-B through the circuit elements 39, 12, 2, 70, over the subscribers lint and back by way of circuit elements 69, 1, 38, to

battery ll. Upon the next momeutary'brealc -in the subscribers line circuit the sleeve relay 42, being energized in series therewith, is momentarily deprived of currentgrhich causes a mementary retraction of its armature, which in turn closes the circuit of the stepping magnet 11 which may be now back to battery B. "lhus. each momentary" .lu'ealc ill the subscribers hue circuit causes lifltl' and thus puts the signal on the. line to traced from battery 13 through the circuit elements llrl, 105, 14-6. 11, to ground and the switch to malre one step. Vile-n the switch comes to rest with its switch wipers on the vertical row of contacts corresp0nding to the desired program, the sleeve relay 42 remains energized maintaining a shunt around the lamp 147 through resistance 149 thus extinguishing the signal light. This is the operating position of the switch, and during the maintenance of this connection, assuming the switch wipers to be in contact with the vertical row of bank contacts associated with the number 7 program, the individual. broadcast servi e meter will be. interminttently energized in a circuit which may be traced 'from the meter energizing source 91, through commutator 151, switch 152, upper member of the bottom pair of contacts in'the eighth row, switch wiper 27,'

conductor 153, meter IM to ground and back to the source 91. It will be noted here that by movement of the switch arm 152 to its right hand'contact the meter will be con trolled throu h the commutator 150 instead of 152. As these commutators are arranged to close and open the circuit at difi'erent periodicity, the meter will be operated at a different rate thus making a different charge per hour for the service. For the purpose grams the switches 152 and 154 include in the meter circuits of the different programs, res ctively, are arranged, as shown, with di erent contacts connected with the different commutators 150 and 151, respectively.

Thus, with the meter control commutators 'supervisor of his wish for some specialservice by making several successive momentary breaks in his line circuit much in excess of that required for the stepping of the switch to any of the sets of program contacts during which thesupervisor noticing the apparent constant flickering of the supervisory lamp 147, will operate the listening key K to ascertain the wants of the subscriber. To enable the supervisor to call the subscriber during the connection of his line through the switch mechanism, a special signaling hey Sis provided which is arranged to connect the inductance coil 154 across the'subcribers line, which. coil is inductively con- .'uected with the-special tone signal circuit be heard in the subscribefls loud speaker. To enable the subscriber to receive other broadcast items not on the programs to which. his switch has access, the last vertical row of contacts in the switch have their programcontacts such as 155 connected to a special program trunk 156 terminating in a jack 157 situated before what may be termed a special program operator who has access to trunks leading to other stations providing different broadcast items, and who is also provided with means, such as telephone plugs forming the terminals of such trunks, for connection of any of szii'jdtrunks to' the special program contacts 155 through the jack 157, and short-trunk 156. When the subscriber desires such special items he signals the supervisor in charge of the hroa -of assigning different rates to different r0- cast servib'e by sending in the excessive number of breaks to signal the supervisor through actuation of the lamp 147 as before described, the extra number of breaks in the line circuit causing the switch to step around to the last vertical row of contacts and there come to rest, which disconnects the subscribers line from all of the regular programs and connects it through the switch wipers 25-26 and special programs contacts 155 to the trunk 156 terminating in the jack 157. vThe supervisor listening in through use of the key K may now ascertain the wants of the subscriber and communicate the same to the special program operator over a suitable order circuit not shown. The special program operator may then give the subscriber the program or item desired, by insertin the terminal plug of the a propriate trun in the jack 157. This trun ing arrangement for suppl 'ing the special programs from other stations will be clearly understood from an inspection of Figs. 6 and 7.

In Fig. 6 is diagrammed aportion of a general system of broadcast distribution comprising a master station A, broadcastservice station B, subscribers central Stations 0, and subscribers substations D, the relation of the stations A, B, and C being the same as that described in my copending application Serial No. 746,357, filed October 28, 1924, except that the broadcast matter is transmitted from the B stations to the C stations as audio, or telephone currents over wire trunk lines T, T. and T The C stations, together with the subscribers substations D are provided with means in the form of the circuits herein previously described in detail, for distributing the broadcast matter from the B stations to the subscribers stations D. The broadcast matter is originated or received from the other stations and put onto the program contacts of the subscribers selector switches over the program 15 trunks T", T, and T by any known or other suitable form of apparatus symbolized at P, P, and P (Fig. 3), located at the B or service station.

In Fig. 7 is shown diagrammatically, the special trunking system enabling a subscriber at a D station to extend his line beyond his associated central station either directly, or through other stations of the systerm to some particular station for the purpose of receiving the broadcast program there originated or there available through suitable relay apparatus, for example, station B For this purpose, the special program oierator at the C station is provided 60 with a link circuit LC capable of connecting a trunk terminal jack 160 with the sub scribers special jack 157 (the same as 157 of Fig. 5) through a detector and amplifier unit DA. The jack 160 forms the terminal of a trunk 161 terminating in the B station B inthe output circuit of a line amplifier tube 137 whose input circuit terminates in a jack 162. Similarly, the station B is provided with the circuit LB arranged to connect the jack 162 with the jack 163 to-an amplifier unit IA, the jack 163 forming the terminal of a trunk 159 whichterminates in the output circuit of a line tube 237 at the A station, the input circuit of which tube terminates in the jack 164. At the A etation is provided an amplifying link circuit laying broadcast from some other station.

Thus with the trunking system so described the subscriber at a D station may extend his line to the broadcast transmitter 166 of the station 13 over the trunking connection which may be traced from 160 through the trunking elements 159, 337, 158, 165, LA, 164, 237, 159, 163, LB, 162', 137, 161, 160, LG, 157, 37, to subscribers station D. Inthe' present illustration this broadcast matter is transmitted from the station B over the trunks 158, 159, and 161 by carrier current, which is detected and amplified in the detector amplifier unit DA at the C station and from thence transmitted to the subscribers station at audio frequency or in theform of the original modulations, the amplifier units IA at the stations B A, and B being operable on the intermediate or carrier current frequency. In Figs. 6 and 7, the trunks 161, 159 and 158 are svmbolicalof a plurality of trunks which afford trunking distribution out from any of the Stations to several G stations directly or through othei' stations. It is also to be noted that the outgoing terminal of each trunk line is provided with a line tube similar to that of the subscribers line tube which acts as an amplifier or relay so that throughout the several links, the line tubes or relays will operate to effect gradual amplification throughout the distribution thus avoiding thelomes' and the necessity for currents of large magnitude incident to long distant distribution'without the use of increments of power between the source and destination. It will be obvious that where conditions are favorable, the am lifiers IA at the intermediate stations A, B etc., may consist of but one step or may even be omitted or replaced by suitable coupling means;

the line tubes or relays 137, 23 relied upon for effecting the plification.

etc., necessary am- 10 side of a suitable coupling means such as the audio transformer 170, the output side of which distributes through several amplifier tubes 37 to as many trunks or line circuits 173. The line circuits 17:3 represent the subscribers lines such as'the subscribers line 69 70 of Fi 1, while the amplifier tubes '37' represent t e individual line tubesoriazelays such as 37 of Figs. 2, 4, etc.;. Itwwl} .thus be seen that with .this-, arrangement the amount of power iii-an oi-the-gintermediate circuits may he consi crably less, hanthe l amount of power distributed:v

t is to be noted that the broadcast matter may if desired be put on the-"program contacts of the switch banks in the form of modulated carrier current, in which instance the subscribers line tubes 37 would be preceded each by-a detector tube or other detecting means individual to the line] In its broadest as t this invention has to do wit-h the distribution to telephone subscribers of radioprogramslor broadcast matter, throughthe usual distr but ve channels provided and-employed lntelephone exchanges, that is' 'to sa switching means of s'cribers'.

some sort, with necessary line units such asthe line tubes herein described, for passing the radio matter, in whatever form received, to Y and through the subscribers lines as audio frequency waves. It is to be understood, however that many variations may he made in the iorm and design of the switching mechanism in' the line units through which the broadcast.mattcr.is conveyed to the sub- Thus, instemd of the equipment shown in Figs. 2 and 4 each line may have a multiple jacks and the program busses may have multi le jacks, with pairs of plugs manipulate sired connections. Such an arrangcmcntnill employ some 51 na-lling means between the subscriber andt 1e operator. Another modi- -fication would be the provision of multiple jacks and line lamps on the radio board, one for eaclrline, such line jacks being constructed with pairs of terminals in the jack forced together when a lug is inserted so as to connect the line with the output side of its tube 37, through wires 40 and 41 of Fig. 2,

providing contacts on the relay 42 to close he grid circuit 25+26 to the program basses.

If selection of program be desired, the switch shown in Figs. 2 and 4 would 'sti. be emplayed, but would be actuated, born as to atepplng and restoring by the relay 4.2 alone.

by operators to make the de- With such a line jack, only dummy plugs would be required having no cord conductors, all contacts being made in the jack. In closing, the line terminals of the jack to the output terminals of the tube circuit, provision by-the same line relay contact 71. The lamps flash, and signal to both the telephone and the radio operators that radio is desired.

The radio operator thereupon sticks a dummy plug, which expands the subscribers line to the wires40 and 41 direct (see Fig. 2) and also closes the circuit 3 to the cutoff relay L (see Fig. 1). The relay 42 in Fig. 2 then pullsup on line current, and gives the subscriber control of the switch magnets 11 and 15, so that he may step the switch around to pick out any program he pleases. In such case the switch can be made very simple, having just as many contacts as there are program items to be selected at any one time, and arran ing the latter so that as soon as the switci wiper has assed off the last program contact, it will immediately be prepared to step on to the first one again, so that by continuous rotation any item of any program may be selected in any desired order.

The foregoing modifications still employ switches. It is further possible to eliminate the mechanical switching means, and use what the radio engineer would term coupling coils, or the equivalent. In a prior copending application, Serial No. 691,823 I have illustrated and described capacity wav cpllcctors for transfer of energy waves from one c rcuit to another'nenrby circuit; and;

in the present case I may employ other such capacity coupling or electromagnetic coupling coils, which includes what is commonly I nown as a loop antenna. In this case it is advisable to modify the line receiving means for the radio impulse, employin stead of the tube 37 and the circuits t ereof as shown in Figs; 2 and 4, a complete radio frequency receiving set with its out put terminals connected to the line on its grid filament or input terminals-terminating on a joint coupling coil, receiving waves from another coil or an antenna constituting the terminal of the program bus or busses typified in Figs. 2 and 4. A convenient arrangement of these line coils or loose couplers would he in a circular figure around the program anten' and to save space the line terminals or co may be arranged in circles one above the other, so as to form the general figure of a cylinder with the program coil or antenna in the axis of the cylinder. I do not present this as the best form to be employed, as modifications can be made. each of which has certain advantages. For example, if the lines are arranged with their terminal coils lll lt'l tltltlll', a directional selection may be attained by merely turning the coils in a manner well understood in the art. Assumir-g that there be several program busses each carrying amplified superaudio frequency modulated wa'ves, then by directional arrangement of the subscriber line coil, waves can be. received at will frtni any of these antennae. Another modification, with either a movable or immovable. line terminal coil, is selection by tuning. Assuming the frequencies on the different program antenna) to be different from each other. then the subscriber by tuning his line to the coupling coil at central ran select any one of the programs he do sires. In )rinciple. this arrangement involves the lollowing: first, taking an ordinary Fadio receiving away from the subscriber's station and putting it at the central office, connecting him to it through the wired line circuit from his station to central, but retaining the tuning' elements, or variable capacity and inductance, one or both under the control of the subscriber (of course they may be at the subscribers station for direct, or at the central station for remote control by current variations over his line). Then, having placed the. i i instrument at the central station and providing the subscriber with means for tuning it to the frequency he may desire to receive, and providing couplinp means or sending and receiving aeri'a s (in effect) at the central station, where a short, gap only is required to be bridged by the radio waves, a iuzzlc tube regenerative set or a two tube set with one stage of audio amplification, or a two-tube set with crystal detector reflex will work with clliciency under such conditions, r eiving over say a 56 foot gap on a robe their small loop. With such a loop wave collector, there is vcrv little danger o i objectiona e radiation fr m the set.

The psychology of these modificetions espewiallythose cinplo vin; radio coupling at. the central station betw en the program bosses and the line is r lfi lly that other thing being; equal the first cost as well as the cost or [Hillllltltflli-t and operation of tube does not exceed that of a well made sel ctive switch of {hc manual type shown in Figs. 3 and t. and the circuits are simplificd. Mor over, the radio switchboard cquip uil w th such apparatus is more nearly in line with radio practice, as distinguished from telephone practice. If the A or filament battery circuit of each tube be disconuected except when receiving radio (assumin; the A batteries to be common) the plate filament circuit terminals of the line tubes such as 37 may be left permanently connected to line. The ll battery, as well as the line, is protected by the space resistance in the plate circuit.

Referrin particularly to Fig. 1, it will be observed thxt this represents the ordinary telephone exchange, of which there may be one or several in a given local area served by some broadcasting relay station or studio. The same radio broadcasting station may have its bus Wires T, '1", '1 extending into a: number of exchanges through cable, and in practice this or some equivalent arrangement is a necessity, since it would be bad practice to needlessly-duplicate receiving and relaying a paratus at every telephone exchange. Idigarding the telephone exchange with its line wires and subscribers stations as a complete wired entity, we may provide the necessary local bus wires, local receiving and relaying apparatus for radio, at the telephone exchange and then provide a central studio or rehry stat-ion such as described hereinbefore. for all of the associated groups'of telephone central stations. The local receiving stations need not then be either com jilicated or powerful. and they would all be within the. scope and control of the central studio and relay station. From each such local equipmentv however to and through the subscribers lines, all conuec tions, supervision. control, testing, metering, and the like. would belong in the. telephone iul'miriistration typified by the diagram in Fig. l. l urthermore according to this very ssarv arrangement. the maintenance and vision of all \vit'cs and operation from the. telephone exchange to and including the l!l t ('!'il)(l.\' line. is for the tclcplione administration and particu arly the wire chief and hi assistants. lYhcre there are several exchanges in the same area, all served by the sam radio relay station and studio, there would be one wire chief for the area, with as istants at the dillercnt branch exchanges. it will then be understood that while the central studio from its own test, boards would have a cess by wired trunk lines to each telc phone exchange, and the receiving and re laying apparatus therein this would be the limit for the studio. which would not have accti to the subset-liars lines {or any purpo es -r ot ordina y onnection as between one subscrib r and wrother. Moreover, all about tbc general practice li o that ha been said involved and modificati ns in the einbodimeat herein described. to lac understood as applying to both manual and automatic switching apparatus in either the telephone iuhninistration or the radio administration side of the system, or both. I have chosen to illustrate herein as in prior applications copcnding'herewith, standard manual Western Electric. apparatus. The. reason for this is that the circuits involved therein are standard in themselves, and when stripped of limitations of form, are. embodied without substantial change in either manual or automatic apparatus.

I believe all the i'uodilications and all of the facts dc scribed herein by themselves and in combination, when employed in the manner described, are novel and original with me. and l shall claim the same accordingly.

What I claim is:

1. In a system of broadcast distribution a brozu'lcast service station having wire broadcast transmitting means situated thereat, a telephone central station with subscribers stations and wire lines interconm-cting them, a wire bus line connecting the transmitting means at the broadcast service station with the central station, telephone relay means at the central station individual to each subscribers line and means at the central station for connecting one or more subscribers lines each through its associated telephone relay means to the bus line leading from the servicestation, together with metering means controlled in the connection of a subscribers telephone relay means.

2. In a system of broadcast distribution, a

' broadcast service station having, wire broadcast transmitting means situated thereat, a telephone central station with subscribers stations and wire lines interconnecting them a wire bus line connecting the transmitting means at the broadcast service station with the central station, telephone relay means at the central station individual to each subscribers line and means at thecentral. station for connecting one or more subscribers lines each through its associated telephone relay means to the bus line. leadin from the. ser ice station, together with means for record ing the time use of said connection of a subscribcrs line through its associated tele phone relay means to the line leading from the service station.

' 3. In a system of broadcast distribution. a station. a telephone central station with subscribers stations and lines interconnecting them, means for transmitting broadcast matter from said first nienl ionod station through the central station to the subscribers in common and means at the central station for recording the time use of the broadcast service to the sul'isarribers.

4. In a system of br adcast distribution, a broadcastservicc. stat-ionv a telephone central station with subscribers stations and lines interconnecting them. program trunks between the. service station and the central station, means at the broadcast station for transmitting different programs of broadcast matter over said program trunks to the central station, a telephone relay at the cen tral station associated with each subscribers line, and means cont-rolled from any f s'ub-- scribers station for selectively connecting its station with one of the program trunks through the said relay independently of the. connection or non-connection of any other 'subscribefis station therewith, together with means associated with the receiving subscribers equipment for differentially metering the time of transmission of the different programs to that subscriber.

5. In a system of broadcast distribution, a broadcast service station, a telephone central station with subscribers substations and line circuits interconnecting the same, a vacuum tube relay for each line at the central station. broadcast transmitting relay aJparatus at the service station, a broil cast trunk line connecting the broadcast transmitting apparatus with the central station, means at. the central station whereby the input sides of said line tubes are connected to the broadcast trunk, and the output side of each line tube is connected to its own line. means at each subscribers station to control the connection of his own line tube at cent-ral and to disconnect the same- When not receivingr. and line service metering means controlled in said connection and disconnection, said metering means being located at the central station and individual to the lines.

In testimony whereof I hereunto attix my signature.

EDWARD CLEMENT. 

